Incorporation is Effective and Allows the Business to Raise Revenue Essay

Incorporation is Effective and Allows the Business to Raise Revenue - Essay Example A LLC protects a person from getting their personal assets taken away, his assets of the company will be in danger. The court will first investigate the matter, and then the matter of meditations and negotiations takes place. The court may close the LLC for a fee and analyze the allocation of assets that the plaintiff deserves. aâ‚ ¬? Susan, Dave, and Marvin are society hair stylists, who make a very good living. Because they are all in so much demand, they decide to open a business together. They form a Limited Liability Company, through which they operate a hair salon called Fabulous Hair, LLC. Each contributes $10,000 to the business. One day Marvin calls in sick, and Susan and Dave work double duty trying to keep up with Marvinaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s appointments and their own appointments. Dave forgets about one of Marvinaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s clients and leaves chemicals on her hair too long, which causes serious chemical burns. The client sues for damages and recovers a judgment in the amount of $75,000 against Fabulous. Discuss the extent to which each member of the LLC may be held responsible for the clientaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s damages. Support your conclusions with facts and information from the text. Be sure to cite to your sources. Since the company is LLC, everyone is accounted for the share that they put up in the corporation. Susan, and Marvin will have liability of $10000, but since Dave left the chemicals, he will personally liable more than his partners since it was his fault. Susan and Marvin are not responsible for Dave’s work and hence should file a motion to dismiss the notion. A LLC protects the assets of another employees even if the another employee does... The paper shows that since the company is LLC, everyone is accounted for the share that they put up in the corporation. Susan and Marvin will have the liability of $10000, but since Dave left the chemicals, he will personally liable more than his partners since it was his fault. Susan and Marvin are not responsible for Dave’s work and hence should file a motion to dismiss the notion. An LLC protects the assets of another employee even if the another employee does something wrong. In essence, Susan and Marvin's won't have to worry about their personal assets. Paul and Rachel Anderson love to eat at Burgerville, a nationwide chain of fast-food restaurants. They love it so much that they purchase a Burgerville franchise from Burgerville, Inc., and are successful right away. One day, supermodel Olga X enters the restaurant with her children. Olga slips on Super Secret Sauce, a Burgerville treats that someone spilled on the floor. Olga slides across the floor and hits her face on the jukebox, which causes permanent injury to her famous face. Her attorney filed suit against Paul, Rachel, and Burgerville, Inc. List the rights and obligations arising from the business relationship between the Andersons and Burgerville, Inc. Will Olga recover a judgment against all the parties she has sued? Explain the legal and factual reasons for your answer. Paul and Rachel since are the owners, will have to pay for certain injuries, but they will be limited. Buying a franchise, in essence, means to buy a security.

Germany increase in Britain in the 1936-1939 Essay Example for Free

Germany increase in Britain in the 1936-1939 Essay The policy of appeasement had reached its heights by the period between 1936 and 1939. It was felt by many to be the best policy at the time, as it allowed Britain to buy herself some valuable time in order to delay the inevitable war. Opposition during 1936, when appeasement was first seen as really taking the forefront of foreign policy, was small and weak. However it was by 1939 that the opposition had swelled gradually under opposition leaders such as Churchill to the point where there were only few people who truly believed that a long-lasting period of peace would arise from this idea of appeasing the enemy. Over this period of time, both public opinion and Parliamentary opinion would lean towards the opposing side, based a series of factors that had changed in this 3 year span of time. A poorly-prepped military and defense services, a lack of trustworthy allies, Hitler’s legitimate claims and a change in public opinion all contributed towards a shift in beliefs. Opposition to the policy of appeasing militaristic powers began to grow after Hitler took power in Germany and it became clear to many in Britain that he would carry out his expansionist aims. Some of appeasements most vocal opponents came from within government, from people such as Winston Churchill and the Labor party, more significant was the publics strong anti war stance beginning to slowly shift as they learnt more of Hitler and the rise of fascism. However this did not mean that they were strongly in favor of pursuing war with Germany as Chamberlain was greeted like a hero when he returned with â€Å"peace for our time† following the Munich Agreement. Having already known of how crippling the economic costs were following WW1 the idea of pursuing conflict with another foreign power was considered unacceptable. This was compounded by the fact that events occurred so soon after the Wall Street Crash, Britain simply could not afford another major loss of her monetary funds in order to prepare for war. Appeasement was believed to be the answer to Britain’s needs, by deploying a policy of appeasement Britain could use the time it gained to find allies and develop British defenses and technology. By 1936 intelligence reported that German rearmament was already under way and that Britain had to get its armaments up to a sufficient standard. However in order for armament spending to increase the Government would have to raise taxes and focus their spending upon military. A raise in taxes would also inevitably lead to public outcry and loss of government support. Even if sufficient funds were acquired in order to reach the amount of armaments needed there was only one working armaments factory in the whole of Britain that could produce weapons fit for modern warfare. Due to the Ten Year Rule the state of Britains armed forces was essentially desolate, this meant that much of Britain’s armed forces required updated weaponry if it ever were to stand a chance against Hitler’s formidable Third Reich. For example Spitfires and radar were rather new to the world of air defense systems, however they were in short supply at the beginning of 1936 despite it being British technology. Spending focus upon defenses was suggested by the Inskip Report as opposed to any other offensive tactics. However, after 1938 the readiness of the British army had certainly improved, and Chamberlain had confidence that if war was to come, Britain would be ready to take Germany on. German power had been exaggerated greatly, especially the power of the Luftwaffe through propaganda and the sheer numbers who attended the infamous Nuremburg Rallies. The time bought with appeasement had consequently allowed Britain to build up a strong naval blockade in order to strengthen its naval security and rearmament spending increased sufficiently. During this period the Territorial Army had also doubled in size. Appeasement provided Britain with extra time to develop her armaments and develop a defense plan in preparation of the oncoming war. There was little opposition to this from the officials in Parliament, however as the military and defense services were brought back to their former strength, the idea of opposition started to re-emerge. One of Britain’s key aims during the period was the perpetual search for a strong ally, by averting the war through appeasement, Britain had given herself time to try and ally her herself with the USA. While the USA may have followed an isolationist policy she was still the largest power in the world and would have been a strong diplomatic and military ally. France was something of a wreck, thanks to Britains doing, and had tried her best to prepare herself for German invasion by creating the Maginot Line the previous decade. Britains desire for allies had even turned eastwards in the direction of the USSR, who until that point had only been seen as a need to allow Germany to rearm. However, the Communist nation could have helped the Western powers against Germany and Japan in the Far East. At first appeasement was used to try and gain favour with any potential allies. However, as opposition grew the lack of emerging allies forced Britain to try ‘kindling’ a relationship with the USSR. It was believed by many, specifically Chamberlain, that Hitler had legitimate claims for his conquests in Europe. The reoccupation of the Rhineland was enough to be seen as a legitimate grievance even though it was outlawed in 1919 at Versailles. Despite this, Britain did not see her as a sufficient threat just yet and refused to act upon the reoccupation. By 1936 Germany had gained the status of ‘Ultimate potential enemy’ and this led to a concern that Germany would be enticed by Italian and Japanese expansionist aims, and considering they were also ‘UPEs’ this could spell further disaster for Britain. With the Mediterranean under threat and the Suez Canal with it and the Empire in the Far East under constant vigilance, trade and the Empires safety were put as higher priorities than Germany. Even the union between Germany and Austria had little effect, the Anschluss was not opposed by Chamberlain, considering that that a staggering amount of those in Austria rejoiced at the idea of being reunited. Rather than try to cause conflict by splitting them up, appeasement allowed them to get back together without much trouble. This act of appeasement found little opposition within Parliament, however as 1938 approached opposition started to gain a foothold, Hitlers reactions were becoming increasingly aggressive- Kristallknacht had shown a far darker and more menacing side to the dictator and had displayed to many the true extent of the oppressive regime within Germany. This was seen as a repeat of The Night of the Long Knives four years previous. Hitler’s grievance at first seemed to be legitimate and therefore was a driving reason as to why Britain continued to appease Germany. Nevertheless as his tactics became more aggressive and he started to threaten the surrounding countries it became apparent that appeasement no longer satisfied him, this led to critics of Chamberlains policies such as Churchill developing a larger power base against appeasement. British public opinion swayed greatly throughout the period and vastly impacted British foreign policy. Although the fear of rearmament was strong in the public opinion, it was the additional fear of the outbreak of war that started to swing their opinions towards appeasement during 1936-38. The Spanish Civil war had provided a glimpse of what future warfare would be like, and the terrifying realization of the destructive power one country could inflict on another was nothing like what had been previously experienced. In 1937, Guernica had showed the devastation that could be brought about by terror-bombing. This served as another reason why appeasement should be maintained as it was considered a more sound option than sparking a war, this was something that the public supported wholeheartedly. However it was clear that attitudes had started to change as 1938 approached. Opinion polls had gradually started to show support for other methods, as shown in the 1938 poll which asked what Britain should do if Germany acted hostile to Czechoslovakia as a large proportion of polls suggested that Britain should rearm and prepare for conflict. Still highly influenced by public opinion, Government policy seemed to switch to a more anti-German undertone. This switch was seen in the increased rearmament revenue expenditure in 1938. The public now wanted Britain to take on a stronger stance against Germany and this resulted in increased pressure upon Chamberlain to boost the armys numbers. At first public opinion was strongly in favor of appeasement, this was due to reluctance of diving into another war war. However when war was no longer avoidable, it was within public interest that Britain prepare for war in any way she could. Opposition to appeasement did increase between 1936 and 1939, but at a steady pace. Appeasement was originally pursued in order to protect British interests; the protection of her Empire, finding suitable allies, and preparing for war via defense and military spending, as well as to prepare the public that war was coming. Opposition to Hitler and the appeasement of Germany did increase between 1936 and 1939, but at a steady pace as the true aims of Hitler became evident and it became clear that the British government could not make him back down. In parliament the stance of the labour party had changed drastically from favouring. The public’s willingness to support independent states at this time shows that it was Hitlers continued actions in 1938 that pushed many people into opposing appeasement or even advocating war. Churchill was used as a figurehead in which opposition to appeasement could rally behind. Appeasement was originally pursued in order to protect British interests; the protection of her Empire, finding suitable allies, and preparing for war via defense and military spending, as well as to prepare the public that war was coming, however towards the end of the period when Hitler started to set his sights on further expansion the mood changed in Britain and appeasement was no longer a feasible option.

Radio Communication System for a Motorcycle

Radio Communication System for a Motorcycle Part 1: Introduction 1.1 BACKGROUND INVENTION This invention relates to a radio communication system for a motorcycle wherein a radio communication circuits is attached on a helmet and performs radio communication with another radio communication circuits attached on another helmet. This helmet provides a wireless communication between two helmets for intercommunication or entertainment system. It is also included with solar energy system which will recharge the battery so that it will be constantly applicable. That is why we call it â€Å"Smart Helmet†. As we know, there a number of different types of helmets that is use across many different type of industries and environment. However, they all are use in form of protective gear. For example, wearing hard hats is standard practice when working in construction site, as well as when operating heavy industrial equipment, etc. Sports athletes, such as baseball and football players, also wear helmets for protection and it is one of the most critical pieces of equipment for a professional race car driver. Helmets are also used in the military services and one type of helmet that is one of the more commonly seen is a motorcycle rider helmet. Motorcycle riding helmets are very sophisticated and specialized for the activity. In recent years, helmet wearers have encountered a wide array of methods by which audio content can be delivered to and transmitted from a helmet, such as a motorcycle or racing car helmet. Current systems for listening to music while riding a motorcycle generally involve a factory installed or aftermarket radio and speaker system mounted on the motorcycle. This is due to hard communication between each other within a motorcycle because of interruption in wind and engine noise. Thus, we invent a communication system ability to communicate with each other. The speaker system must be powerful enough to overcome the road, engine and wind noise to allow a rider to listen to the music when the motorcycle is at highway speeds. In this system, the rider usually has a wire connecting the helmet to a radio mounted on the helmet and the speakers. These systems may also include a microphone integrated into the helmet to allow riders to communicate each other. 1.2 PROJECT OBJECTIVES There are several main objectives for this project: To understands the basic concept of two way communication and solar energy system. To understands Push-to-Talk technology system To understands how solar energy system operates To enhance the ability of the helmet To perform circuit operation To gain knowledge on circuit designing and structure 1.3 PROJECT GOALS The Overall Project Goal was to enhance the quality and effectiveness of LSC grantees services to clients by providing training and technical assistance and serving as an information clearinghouse on technology innovations for the legal services community. There were two specific goals as identified in the Evaluation Framework approved by LSC: Provide training, technical assistance and informational resources that increase the understanding legal services program directors, managers and technology staff have about the ways the use of available technologies can improve services to clients. Publicize, promote and provide resource materials about successful local/national technology projects to foster the replication of technology innovations throughout the legal services community. 1.4 PROJECT SCOPE General Project Scope: The project will include rehabilitation or replacement of SN 050-0088. A bridge condition report (BCR), hydraulic report, type size and location (TSL) study, location drainage study and project report will be required and should follow the applicable Department manuals and guidelines. Intersection geometrics will be studied as needed in accordance with Department policies. Geotechnical testing and analysis will be required for development of type size and location drawings for the structure. The scope of work shall include all items necessary to provide an approved project report, bridge condition report, hydraulic report, location drainage study and type size and location drawings as needed. 1) Data Collection: Review data supplied by the district (old plans, pictures, traffic counts, survey data, crash data, right-of-way information, road-way data, and examples). Field check project, and review data from other sources. 2) Field Survey: A topographical survey will be required. Horizontal and vertical control will be provided by the District for the existing alignment. Survey of the existing structure shall include all necessary detail to meet Department policy and to support the proposed scope of construction. The survey shall extend down side roads and beyond existing right of way in order to accommodate anticipated proposed construction. Roadway survey shall extend at least 50 beyond the existing right of way and include any necessary drainage features. Survey shall extend 600 down intersecting roads and cross sections will be taken every 50 and at all entrances and special features. Bridge and hydraulic surveys will be required under this contract. Hydraulic surveys will follow Department policies. 3) Right of Way: The Department will draft existing right of way (station and offsets) on to the topography including property lines and owner identification. The district will provide names, addresses, and tax parcel I.D. numbers for all nearby property owners. IDOT will also mail the property owner letters regarding easements or proposed right of way. No right of way plats or plans will be included in this contract. The consultant will determine construction limits and proposed right of way and easement needs. The consultant will provide construction limits and all proposed ROW or easements on the plan and profile sheets. 4) Drafting: The consultant will plot existing and proposed plan and profile sheets, proposed drainage sheets, existing and proposed cross sections. Development of typical sections, preliminary staging details, proposed construction limits, proposed right of way and exhibits for included studies and reports will also be necessary along with any other work to complete the phase I study and other reports/studies. The consultant shall send the district one full size copy of the plan sheets for utility mark-ups. The district will make copies and send them to the utility companies. The consultant will then incorporate any utility information onto the plan sheets. 5) Alternate Design Studies: Alternatives will be studied to provide bicycle and pedestrian accommodations as part of structure rehabilitation or replacement. The preferred alternative will be incorporated into the planning and design of the project. 6) Location Drainage Studies: See the IDOT Drainage manual section 2-100 thru 2-500 for required format and analysis. Work includes studying the existing drainage patterns including structures, ditches, outlets, etc., developing drainage areas, determining discharges; developing a required system, comparing existing and proposed, developing alternates, determining impacts, developing recommendations, determination of culvert extensions, preliminary inlet spacing, capacity calculations; in-line storm water detention design; ditch design, minor culvert analysis, sizing storm sewer, and everything else needed to complete a drainage report for the project. The drainage study should address flooding records within the project as appropriate. 7) Hydraulic Report and Bridge Condition Report: Work shall include all items necessary to complete a hydraulic report and bridge condition report (BCR) for the structure. This includes, but is not limited to, hydraulic survey, bridge inspection/load rating, hydraulic analysis, staging feasibility determination and cost comparison. 8) Type Size Location Study: TSL studies will meet the requirements of the District and the Bureau of Bridges and Structures. Geotechnical testing and analysis will be necessary for development of the TSL. A preliminary TSL shall be submitted to the District for review before transmittal to the Bridge Office. 9) Intersection Design Studies: Two intersections are anticipated to be included in the scope of work (Dee Bennet Road and Starved Rock Road). Intersection design studies may be required at these locations. Traffic counts will determine the need for an IDS at each location. Typically 3 submittals are required draft, pre-final and final. IDS work includes signal warrant analysis at all locations, combination lighting, and capacity analysis at all locations, as well as all other requirements set forth in the Bureau of Design and Environment Manual. Traffic data will be provided by the district. 10) Preliminary Report: Work includes written report, calculating quantities, cost estimates, crash analysis, approval forms, structure fact sheet, design exception forms (if needed), roadway design, exhibits, photos, maps, typical sections, plan and profiles, IDS plans, environmental exhibits, existing and proposed vertical and horizontal data, design criteria checklist, tree schedule, culvert rehabilitation diagram, traffic management analysis, preliminary erosion control plan, and any other project related documents to complete the project report. The district will provide the following for insertion into the report if needed: Crash data and exhibits; coordination meeting minutes; hazardous mailbox support surveys; bridge condition report approval; letters to property owners and other local officials; environmental studies, analysis, and reports; and pavement design if needed. 11) Public Meetings (2 planned): Consultant will prepare exhibits and handouts, locate and reserve the meeting room and attend meetings such as the dry run, local official meeting, and the public meeting. Two public meetings (open house format) are anticipated, the first to evaluate alternatives and the second after the EA and all IDSs are completed. The first will be considered an informational meeting and the second a public hearing. Comments from each meeting may need to be incorporated into the project. Exhibits needed for public hearing: Location map, Crash maps, Purpose and Need, Summary of Key Environmental impacts, Full size set of plan and profile drawings including cross sections, approved IDSs , two sets of aerial exhibits / color drawings, board mounted proposed typical sections, draft project report, and a copy of the EA report that is approved by the FHWA for public review. The district will send letters to local officials, prepare minutes for local official meetings, and send response letters to citizens or groups as needed. The EA, after approval by the FHWA for public hearing, will be made available at the public hearing and for a minimum of 15 days in advance of the public hearing. The published hearing notice will announce the availability of the EA and where it may be obtained or reviewed. Public meeting exhibits are similar. The public meeting does not require environmental documents or approved IDSs. The consultant will forward display advertisements for each public meeting/hearing to two different newspapers chosen by the District and pay for these advertisements. This will be a direct cost. Rental of a meeting room will also be a direct cost. 12) Handling Traffic: Stage construction, detours and combinations of the two will be considered for this project. The consultant will identify construction methods and sequences which will minimize motorists inconvenience and incorporate this information into the Traffic Management Analysis for the project. The work will be limited to a conceptual plan only since detailed plans will be done in Phase II. A Queuing and Delay Analysis will be performed since IL 178 is considered to be â€Å"approaching significance† by Safety Policy 3-07. The consultant will provide pertinent data and District 3 will perform the analysis. 13) Progress meetings: The district estimates that 3 progress meetings with IDOT and 12 consultant in-house meeting will be required. Outside of typical administration. 14) Final Report: Compilation of the final report will be based on information from public meetings, comments from District circulation and other input which may impact the project. This also includes hours for revising preliminary report, printing, assembling, and binding the final report. 15) Environment: Anticipated Categorical Exclusion Follow Department policies This work includes examination of Environmental Survey Request (ESR) results to determine impacts and determine appropriate environmental documentation. The consultant will provide excavation depths and quantities for areas identified for special waste and will catalog trees impacts and make recommendations for tree replacement locations. IDOT will develop and submit ESR to Central Office for processing. If it is determined that an Environmental Assessment (EA) is the appropriate form of documentation the extra work will be added by supplemental agreement. Impacts to parks or Historic properties will be included in a supplement (if required). The district will prepare any Wetland Impact Evaluation forms (if required). 16) Administration: Project administration including payroll, billing and filing. This also includes project administration by sub-consultants. 17) Quality Control/Quality Assurance: This is a required line item for both labor hours and billing. This item is to include QC/QA hours of the prime consultant as well as any sub-consultant. 1.5 SYSTEM OPERATION 1.6 PUSH-TO-TALK INTRODUCTION Push-to-talk (PTT), also known as Press-to-Transmit, is a method of conversing on half-duplex communication lines, including two-way radio, using a momentary button to switch from voice reception mode to transmit mode and communication can only travel in one direction at any given moment. However, it is not limited in distance as with normal walkie-talkies, as the conversation is carried across the mobile network. A normal cell phone call is full-duplex, meaning both parties can hear each other at the same time. To control which person can speak and be heard, PTT requires the person speaking to press a button while talking and then release it when they are done. The listener then presses their button to respond. This way the system knows which direction the signal should be traveling in. Most PTT systems allow group calling, meaning one person can speak to everyone in their assigned or current group at once, just by pressing a PTT key. Other key features of the service mean that users immediately recognize it as different from normal voice. †¢ group calls are possible as well as one-to-one calls (but still only one person can talk at a time) †¢ presence information is normally associated with this service, so users can see on their phone screen whether other people are logged on to the PTT service and will therefore be available if called †¢ PTT voice services are typically priced below normal mobile phone calls (but obviously this is a marketing issue) †¢ call hold times are typically much shorter the walkie-talkie style of speech lends itself to the short, snappy transfer of specific information, rather than normal lengthier conversations †¢ the always-on nature of data networks makes for near instant call setup times that make it very easy to use. 1.7 SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM INTRODUCTION In todays climate of growing energy needs and increasing environmental concern, alternatives to the use of non-renewable and polluting fossil fuels have to be investigated. One such alternative is solar energy. Solar energy is quite simply the energy produced directly by the sun and collected elsewhere, normally the Earth. The sun creates its energy through a thermonuclear process that converts about 650,000,000 tons of hydrogen to helium every second. The process creates heat and electromagnetic radiation. The heat remains in the sun and is instrumental in maintaining the thermonuclear reaction. The electromagnetic radiation (including visible light, infra-red light, and ultra-violet radiation) streams out into space in all directions. Only a very small fraction of the total radiation produced reaches the Earth. The radiation that does reach the Earth is the indirect source of nearly every type of energy used today. The exceptions are geothermal energy, and nuclear fission and fusion. Even fossil fuels owe their origins to the sun; they were once living plants and animals whose life was dependent upon the sun. Much of the worlds required energy can be supplied directly by solar power. More still can be provided indirectly. The practicality of doing so will be examined, as well as the benefits and drawbacks. In addition, the uses solar energy is currently applied to will be noted.

Frida Kahlo Essay -- Papers

Frida Kahlo Frida Kahlo's life was one marked by extreme suffering, extreme heroism, and extreme genius. Stricken with polio as a child then nearly crippled in a bus accident at the age of eighteen, Kahlo defied the odds not only by learnng to walk again (twice) but by taking the world by storm with her unique artistic vision. Frida Kahlo was born July 6, 1907 near Mexico City. However, she always claimed to be born in the year of the Mexican Revolution, 1910, in order to link her own birth to that of modern Mexico. It was just one of the many half-truths Kahlo told about her life, some say, in order to create a myth through which she would always be remembered. The desire to be remembered was always a central theme of Kahlo's art, as reflected in the many self-portraits she painted (the images for which she is best known). Once she embroidered a pillow for her husband, the muralist Diego Rivera, which read, "Remember me, my love." Kahlo's obsession with mortality is no mystery as illness, severe pain and the threat of death repeatedly imposed themselves on her young life. At age six, Kahlo contracted polio and had to spend 9 months confined to her room. During that time, she created an imaginary friend who would later be reflected in a painting called "The Two Fridas." Explaining the painting in her diary she wrote, "I experienced intensely an imaginary friendship with a little girl more or less the same age as me ... I followed her in all her movements and while she danced, I told her my secret problems." Once over the polio, Kahlo seemed determined to live life to the fullest. She became a tomboy at school and the le... ...e couple did divorce, in 1939, they reunited in less than a year. For all their troubles, they remained one another's greatest loves and greatest fans. That same year Kahlo suffered another blow. Her right leg had to be amputated below the knee due to a gangrene infection. On July 13, 1954, at the age of 47, Frida Kahlo died. The cause was never officially determined. The last entry in Kahlo's diary read, "I hope the leaving is joyful and I hope never to return." Little known outside of the art world until the 1990's, Frida Kahlo has recently become a cultural icon. Numerous books and articles have been written about her. She has been the subject of three documentaries, and a feature film about her life was released October 25, 2002. For a woman who wished to be remembered, it seems, her wish has come true.

Is “Mass Marketing” Dead? Essay

Ans: Mass marketing is the concept that consumers will favour products that are available and highly affordable. Now a days , Product variety and target marketing originated from the mass marketing based on organizational resources and sound financial position to capture whole market. Critics demonstrated that Customers change their need , want and demand based on changing taste overtime. Marketers also change their strategy to make sure more and more create customer value through those marketing attitude. Mass marketing is still useful philosophy in two types of following situation: 1. At the first that demand of the product exceeds thesupply. In this context , management can increase production. 2. Secondly, product cost is too high. At that stage , improvement production is needed to bring it down. To control the whole market with effectively and efficiently , marketers should certitude resources and finacnce. Thus , therefore, management can make a decision whether they may follo w mass marketing or not. Finally, mass marketing may actively follow or not based on companies overall position. I believe that mass marketing is dead theoretically. In practically, by measuring mass marketing weight with oither concept, we should recognize that mass marketing is even not come very close to dead. 2. Mass marketing is still viable way to build a profitable brand? Ans: Mass marketing is the top most one viable way to build a profitable brand. But, achieving company goal through its strategy, company needs resources so that company can create , communicate and delivery to consumer to market with effectively and efficiently. In this context, larger company can make sure profit through this marketing procedure . On the other hand , no make sure profit by smaller company by using product variety or target marketing concept. Product variety and target marketing depends on segmentation level with its effective segmentation.Critics sometimes demonstrated that to make the company object, it has to match with capable and efficient resource. Depends on companies resource capability, compan y may decide whether mass marketing would be viable or product variety or target marketing concept would be viable. Finally, we can say that mass marketing is still viable way to build a profitable brand .

Articulation and Pronunciation Essays

Articulation and Pronunciation Essays Articulation and Pronunciation Essay Articulation and Pronunciation Essay ?Articulation, which refers to â€Å"the action of producing a sound or word clearly, in speech or music† (Collins Conbuild Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary) is usually considered as synonym of pronunciation, which means â€Å"the way in which a language or a particular word or sound is pronounced† (Collins Conbuild Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary). In general, there is no obvious differences between â€Å"articulation† and â€Å"pronunciation† since both of them possess the sense of â€Å"voicing† in terms of definition. However, â€Å"articulation† tends to be employed more frequently compared with â€Å"pronunciation† in the area of phonetics. Therefore, this essay is written to analyse two distinctions between â€Å"articulation† and â€Å"pronunciation† with regard to definition and different focuses in phonetics. To begin with the definition, articulation means the employment of various speech mechanisms, such as lips, tongue, and teeth to produce a sound, while pronunciation refers to â€Å"the way in which the words of a language are made to sound when speaking† (Pamela, 2011). Since articulation is â€Å"the physical production of a particular speech sound† and is regarded as â€Å"the last step of sound production†, its prominence depends on how a single phoneme is made, which involves the movements of different vocal organs when it comes to completing the modification of a sound (boundless, 2014). Apart from producing a sound, different articulators are equally engaged to function in recognisable patterns in terms of changing the sound, which in accordance with changing the â€Å"place of articulation† (Genetti, 2014). However, the usage of stress, rhythm, and tone alteration on different syllables is crucial for changing the sounds of words when it comes to pronunciation. Therefore, compared with pronunciation, the definition of which focuses more on prosodic dimension, the definition for articulation primarily concentra

Drugs An Overview Essay Example

Drugs An Overview Essay Example Drugs An Overview Paper Drugs An Overview Paper According to the article Drug Classes on US Drug Enforcement Administration site, five classes of drugs regulated under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) are narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens and anabolic steroids. Except anabolic steroids all other classes of drugs produce similar effects by altering moods, thoughts and feelings by their action on the Central Nervous System i. e. , brain and spinal cord. While some alleviate pain, anxiety and depression, others induce sleep and energize. When these drugs are increasingly used in a medically or socially inconsistent manner it is called drug abuse. In legal terminology â€Å"the non-sanctioned use of substances controlled in Schedules I through V of the CSA is considered drug abuse. † According to the article Methamphetamine on streetdrugs. org, methamphetamine being a powerful stimulant finds limited therapeutic usage and is primarily used to treat obesity. It can be orally ingested in the form of tablets or powder. Even small amounts of methamphetamine effect the central nervous system (CNS) causing increased wakefulness, respiration and physical activity, decreased appetite, hyperthermia and euphoria. Other effects on CNS are irritability, insomnia, confusion, tremors, convulsions, anxiety, paranoia and aggressiveness. Methamphetamine in any form is extremely dangerous inducing long-lasting, debilitating effects. Hyperthermia and convulsions may even lead to death. According to the article MDMA (Ecstasy) on streetdrugs. org, MDMA an illegally manufactured variant of mescaline and amphetamine is chemically known as 3, 4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine also called by various names such as Ecstasy, XTC, Adam and Essence. â€Å"It is considered a designer drug – a substance on the drug market that is a chemical analogue or variation of another psychoactive drug. † Ingested orally in tablet or capsule form producing profoundly positive feelings, extreme relaxation, empathy for others and elimination of anxiety. Short term effects of the drug include enhanced heart beat, blood pressure and body temperature, clenching of jaws and teeth or muscular tension, dehydration, chills, nausea, blurred vision, dizziness, confusion, insomnia and paranoia. MDMA is also said to suppress hunger and sleep. Long term effects are depression, sleep disorders, drug craving, liver damage, brain damage, persistent elevation of anxiety and paralysis. Large doses of MDMA may lead to muscular breakdown, hyperthermia, kidney failure and cardiovascular system failure. According to the article Cocaine on US Drug Enforcement Administration site, Cocaine is an oldest, powerful addictive stimulant previously used in tonics/elixirs prepared to treat wide variety of illnesses. It is a Schedule II drug under Controlled Substances Act of 1970. The drugs short term effects include euphoric feeling, energetic, talkative and mentally alert to sensations of sight, sound and touch. The physiological effects include constricted blood vessels, dilated pupils, higher body temperatures, increased heart beat and blood pressure. Higher dosages may lead to tremors, vertigo, muscle twitches, paranoia, restlessness, irritability and anxiety. First time usage may also lead to death due to cardiac arrest or seizures following respiratory arrest. Long term effects of usage of cocaine include increased irritability, restlessness and paranoia ultimately resulting into a â€Å"full-blown paranoid psychosis† and auditory hallucinations. Los Angeles Times staff reporter stated that Jonathon Rios, a cheerleading coach was taken into custody after he was accused of administering Ecstasy a club drug to a 16 year old and indulging in unlawful sex. This is a peculiar case wherein the minor was administered drug without her knowledge and crime perpetrated on her. Jonathon Rios, though had not taken the drug personally but certainly had committed a crime giving the drug to the 16 year old and indulged in sexual act when the girl was under its influence. Sara Lin, staff writer of Los Angeles Times stated that Louis Bostich confessed to have killed Jami J. Vitteli after taking methamphetamine in the early hours of May 28, 1987 by smashing her head with a champagne bottle and escaped. Public defender Derek J. Bercher argued that his client lived a crime free life and also had begun a spiritual quest by visiting Buddhist monastery, discussing with clerics of various faiths and participating in recovery programs including Alcoholics. He was charged with O. C. murder and sentenced to 15 years life imprisonment by the Superior court judge. The above case clearly depicts that Louis Bostich killed Jami J. Vitteli under the influence of methamphetamine and it was unintentional. David Haldane, staff writer of Los Angeles Times stated that Paul Sassanberger will be formally sentenced for felony vehicular manslaughter for using methamphetamine and illegally taking a vehicle and extortion. On June 12, 2005 Leoncio Flores parked his car illegally in 1000 block of South Mantle Lane, as his car was being towed Flores arrived and offered $ 50 to Sassanberger. But Sassanberger refused to release the vehicle and continued driving, in the process Flores came under the wheels and died. â€Å"California law requires tow truck drivers to release a vehicle if the owner arrives before it has left the premises. † Thus Sassanberger was held guilty and sentenced to 6 years imprisonment. The sentence â€Å"Sassenberger, while employed by Pepes Tow Co. in Santa Ana from 2003 to 2005, refused to release vehicles to their owners on 11 occasions† clearly depicts that though traces of methamphetamine were found in the blood of Sassanberger, he was an adamant person and refused to release the vehicle like previously he had done. Hence he is responsible for the crime. References Drug Classes. US Drug Enforcement Administration. Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: usdoj. gov/dea/concern/drug_classes. html Methamphetamine. www. streetdrugs. org (2006). Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: streetdrugs. org/methamphetamine. htm streetdrugs. org/methamphetamine2. htm MDMA(Ecstasy). www. streetdrugs. org (2006). Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: streetdrugs. org/mdma. htm streetdrugs. org/mdma2. htm Cocaine. US Drug Enforcement Administration. Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: dea. gov/concern/cocaine. html Times Staff and Wire Reports. Cheerleader Coach Held on Drug, Sex Allegations. October 14, 2006. Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: latimes. com/news/local/la-me-rbriefs14. 4oct14,1,7461940. story Sara Lin. Times Staff Writer. Man Who Confessed to 1987 O. C. Murder Is Sentenced. September 6, 2006. Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: latimes. com/news/local/la-me-guilty6sep06,1,1582109. story David Haldane. Times Staff Writer. Orange County Tow Truck Driver Admits Violations. September 9, 2006. Page retrieved on July 6, 2007 from: latimes. com/news/local/la-me-tow9sep09,1,180504. story

Thank You Note Definition and Writing Tips

Thank You Note Definition and Writing Tips A thank-you note is a type of correspondence in which the writer expresses gratitude for a gift, service, or opportunity. Personal thank-you notes are customarily handwritten on cards. Business-related thank-you notes are usually typed on company letterhead, but they, too, may be handwritten. Basic Elements of a Thank-You Note [The] basic elements for writing a thank-you note should include: Address the individual(s), using a  salutation  or greeting. . . .Say thank you.Identify the gift (be certain to get this one right. It does not look good to thank Mr. and Mrs. Smith for the lingerie when they sent you a toaster.)Express how you feel about the gift and what it will be used for.Add a personal note or message.Sign your thank-you note. Within this framework, there is a great deal of latitude. When preparing to write a note, sit for a moment and consider your relationship with the person to whom you are writing. Is it intimate and personal? Is it someone you know as an acquaintance? Are you writing to a complete stranger? This should dictate the tone of your writing. (Gabrielle Goodwin and David Macfarlane, Writing Thank-You Notes: Finding the Perfect Words. Sterling, 1999) Six Steps to Writing a Personal Thank-You Note [1]Dear Aunt Dee, [2]Thank you so much for the great new duffel bag. [3]I cant wait to use it in my spring break cruise. The bright orange is just perfect. Not only is it my favorite color (you know that!), but Ill be able to spot my bag a mile away! Thanks for such a fun, personal, and really useful gift! [4]Im really looking forward to seeing you when I get back. Ill come over to show you pictures from the trip! [5]Thanks again for always thinking of me. [6]Love, Maggie [1] Greet the recipient. [2] Clearly state why you are writing. [3] Elaborate on why you are writing. [4] Build the relationship. [5] Restate why you are writing. [6] Give your regards. (Angela Ensminger and Keeley Chace, Note-worthy: A Guide to Writing Great Personal Notes. Hallmark, 2007) Thank-You Note Following a Job Interview An essential job-seeking technique, as well as a gesture of courtesy, is to thank the person who interviews you. Write a note immediately after the interview and before a decision has been made. State what you liked about the interview, the company, the position. Emphasize briefly and specifically your suitability for the job. Address concerns about your qualifications that came up during the interview. Mention any issue that you didnt have the opportunity to discuss. If you felt you misspoke or left the wrong impression, this is where you can correct your interviewbut be brief and subtle. You dont want to remind the interviewer of a weak point. (Rosalie Maggio, How to Say It: Choice Words, Phrases, Sentences, and Paragraphs for Every Situation, 3rd ed. Penguin, 2009) Thank-You Notes to College Admission Offices Call it a testament to how carefully students court college admissions offices these days: Thank-you notes have become the new frontier. . . . Miss Manners, Judith Martin, who writes a syndicated etiquette column that runs in more than 200 newspapers, says she, for one, does not think thanks are needed for a campus visit: I would never, ever say, Don’t write a thank-you note under any circumstances. I don’t want to discourage them. But it is not really a situation that is mandatory. Still, some admissions advisers [disagree]. It seems like a small thing, but I tell my students that every contact with the college contributes to their perception of you, said Patrick J. O’Connor, director of college counseling at the private Roeper School in Birmingham, Mich. (Karen W. Arenson, Thank-You Note Enters College Admission Game. The New York Times, Oct. 9, 2007) A CEOs Thank-You Notes Dear Bloomberg Businessweek Friends, Thank you for asking my perspective on writing thank you notes. In my 10 years as President and CEO of Campbell Soup Company, I sent out over 30,000 notes to our 20,000 employees. I found it was a powerful way to reinforce our strategies, to let our employees know we were paying attention and to let them know that we cared. I kept my notes short (50-70 words) and to the point. They celebrated accomplishments and contributions of real significance. They were virtually all handwritten to make the communication more authentic and personal. It is a practice that I highly recommend. Good luck! Doug (Douglas Conant, Write a Thank-You Note. Bloomberg Businessweek, Sep. 22, 2011) Thank-You Note to Anita Hill Anita Hill, I want to personally thank you for what you did for us twenty years ago. Thank you for speaking up and speaking out. Thank you for your quiet dignity, your eloquence and elegance, your grace under pressure. Thank you for illuminating the complexities of female powerlessness and for explaining why you didn’t complain when the offense first occurred, and for describing how cowed and coerced a woman can feel when she’s hit upon by a man who controls her economic destiny. . . . (Letty Cottin Pogrebin, A Thank-You Note to Anita Hill. The Nation, Oct. 24, 2011)

Marketing & Entrepreneurship Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Marketing & Entrepreneurship - Coursework Example Additionally, all of the staff have insurance covers. The company uses non-toxic and environmental friendly products. These products do comply with the current Health and Safety legislation and COSHH guidelines. This means that the company is a bleach-free, and all of its products are non-toxic and biodegradable. However, the company has not specified the name of the products they use. The company charges according to the workload. They mainly come assess the cleaning work and then charge the client based on their assessment. Spark Cleaning is a cleaning service company that has been in existence for five years. The company mainly focuses of domestic and commercial cleaning. Some of their services and products include; deep cleaning end of tenancy, spring cleaning services, after build cleans, student cleans, weekly, fortnightly, or monthly interior window cleaning (Sparkcleaning.co.uk, 2015). One of the major competitive advantages of the company is that it partners with Leeds’ trusted local specialists. This allows the company to offer additional services for professional oven cleaning and carpet cleaning. Additionally, they have trained staff who have been vetted for both commercial and domestic cleaning. Cleaning Hero is a cleaning service company that mainly focuses on the commercial cleaning industry (Dearlove, 2015). In commercial cleaning, the company deals with office cleaning, carpet cleaning, retail cleaning, leisure cleaning, deep cleaning, window cleaning, and communal cleaning. The company’s competitive advantage of the company is that it offers client tenure of 4 years, they have a public liability insurance, they have affordable rates, and they have advanced online client portal for easy invoicing. Colliers Cleaners is a company located in Bradford. The company focuses on domestic cleaning, regular cleaning and commercial cleaning (Yelp.com, 2015). However, the main

Global social justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Global social justice - Essay Example When one comes to exactly defining what is meant by ‘social justice’ and deciding what means should be used to achieve the objective of greater social justice, however, it soon becomes apparent that there are many different perspectives on the subject and no clear consensus can be found. Even such self-evidently useful work such as emergency relief in disaster areas, and various kinds of humanitarian interventions in economically weaker areas by charity organisations, can be challenged on the grounds that these activities can have as many bad effects as good effects, and they very often it deal with short term crises and exacerbate longer term problems. This paper traces the history of social (in)justice as a concept and defines different approaches to it. There follows an exploration of the potential for applying some of these approaches and definitions in the context of contemporary globalisation. The role of charity is considered, examining the ways that charity inter ventions influence different societies economically, politically and socially. Finally the potential of charity as a strategy in addressing global social (in)justice is evaluated, concluding that charity can and does have a role to play in addressing social (in)justice but that there are a number of common pitfalls that must be avoided, notably imperialist tendencies inherited from the past. The history of social (in)justice as a concept. ... Following Miller’s line of argument it is important to note that the main point of this kind of justice, as opposed to criminal or retributive justice, is that it looks forward to what can and should be done in society, rather than looking back at what has been done and trying to make amends for conflicts, harms and problems that have arisen in the past. If social justice has a backward facing side to it, then it is only in so far as it looks at apparent social injustice and seeks ways of removing or lessening this in favour of social justice. When western civilisations began to adopt an industrialised and urban style of living, new kinds of problems began to beset society. Poverty, overcrowding and huge differences between the owners of lands and businesses and those who struggled to make a living in them made it very obvious that the people who were doing most of the work were not receiving most of the rewards. Because of the inherent power differential between people, there was a tendency for the rich to get richer and the poor to get poorer. So it was that liberal businessmen began to set up housing, education, fair wages and other benefits for their workers. The idea was that providing basic commodities would free people up to take advantage of a wider range of opportunities in their lives. This paternalistic and utilitarian approach to social justice reigned throughout the Victorian period in Britain and great progress was made in setting down rules for the employment and remuneration of people. Thanks to this kind of intervention some of the worst and most exploitative of practices, including slavery and child labour were eventually abolished. In their place emerged compulsory

Article summary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Article summary - Assignment Example The solution to this problem was found in the adoption of Jive software to provide the stakeholders with a virtual community where they can share ideas, information, and data and discuss other business opportunities. This community was not only helpful for the discussions but was also proved to be a successful marketing tool. Information about new products and offers could easily be shared to the community members and other interested people. This step by NetApp owners helped in developing a stronger brand image and increased the participation of its members. NetApp has acquired the benefit of improving its services and satisfying its customers by receiving feedbacks on the site. It has also become possible for the administration of NetApp to gain knowledge about it’s stakeholders desires and expectations via discussion boards, blogs and wikis. In conclusion, we can say that this article illustrates the increased opportunity for NetApp’s business expansion and also prov es the efficiency of Jive’s software. This case study involves much information about the use of Jive’s software and its success as experienced by NetApp. However, this case study fails to explain the background information about NetApp and hence does not provide full information about the activities and services of NetApp. For a reader who is not aware of Netapp’s services, this case study provides insufficient information to understand how Jive Software helped NetApp. The case study is written in a direct manner. It does not involve too much explanation but instead provides information that is necessary to prove the success of jive software in NetApp’s business. The bullet points, headings and structure of the paper is quite useful and easily comprehensible. The sub-headings and bulleted points make it easier for the reader to grasp and memorize the key points. However,

The Epic of Gilgamesh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Epic of Gilgamesh - Essay Example The epic, with its complex plot is acknowledged by historians and archaeologists as the oldest existing written story although it had been discovered and translated only relatively recently but it never fails to fascinate its readers with its many parallels to the biblical story of the Great Flood and that of Noah and his family. It is therefore not very far-fetched to assume that many parts of the biblical Noah got their origins and ideas from the Epic of Gilgamesh for its many similarities, barring mere coincidence, from the tale of Utnapishtim. What is even more remarkable is the story was based on an actual king named Gilgamesh. This paper explores this gem of world literature from the viewpoint of its importance in terms of its sophisticated moral lessons. Additionally, it will also discuss the universal questions that Man has been asking ever since, questions such as immortality, how to escape death itself, his place in the entire scheme of things in the cosmos, his relationshi p with his gods, with fellow human beings, governance and kingship. Moreover, the paper will likewise offer some hopefully useful insights into the immensity and scale of this grandiose tale. Discussion The epic is partly based on the real historical figure King Gilgamesh who ruled the kingdom of Uruk in ancient Sumeria at around 2700 B.C.E. (before current era, as historians now would like to date historical events rather than the usual B.C. or A.D. in order to avoid a bias towards Christianity and maintain neutrality towards all religions) but was written down in clay tablets only at around 2000 B.C.E. perhaps with an eye towards preservation of a story for posterity. Although it has historical basis as determined by rigorous historical research, it also contains so many embellishments to make the story more interesting to its intended audience and also partly to impart some important moral lessons, like biblical parables. The provenance of the epic story cannot be traced or ascri bed to a single writer but it is rather the work of several authors, who added a portion of the story with each succeeding re-telling to a listening audience, perhaps by the high priests of Babylon. It was originally an oral composition recited by traveling storytellers, which may help to explain why there are so many parts of the story which are mere fragments although it is still offers some continuity. It can be found in the royal library of King Ashurbanipal, who ruled around 700 B.C.E. but still portions or other versions of the same epic were unearthed at different epochs in the time of the ancient city of Babylon, providing a rich ethnological source as well (Maier 377). The Epic of Gilgamesh can be taken in context, in the sense it was written at a time of history when rulers often invoked their right to rule over their subjects from some form of divine intervention or deriving their royal power from the gods. This theme is very recurrent in many historical periods, and this theme is also quite common even in the other areas of the world, where kings ruled either by force or some other means to retain political control such as invoking their authority with their supposed knowledge and wisdom, just like Gilgamesh. A key character, Enkidu, was introduced to the epic as counterbalance to Gilgamesh. A good question to ask might be: What

The Primary Function of Human Resource Management Term Paper

The Primary Function of Human Resource Management - Term Paper Example Programs such as those that rotate employees between different kinds of units within the organization and those that encourage directed learning as well as promoting inter-agency communication across the entire company are being increasingly viewed as having paramount importance. Furthermore, Human Resource department must develop a system of recognition and reward for the staff in regards to their contributions to the agency. While there is still some truth to the image of the HR department as keeping track of birthdays and other events for the betterment of the morale of the staff, HR is now developing into a much more sophisticated part of the overall business network. In fact there is bound to eventually be a complete split between the duties of the â€Å"file clerk† aspect and the duties of the director of the department. †¦the Society for HR Management (SHRM) Global Forum report on "The Maturing Profession of Human Resources Worldwide" (2004) showed that over half ( 54.8%) of HR professionals say the most frequently encountered obstacle to career advancement is HR's not being held in high esteem by the organization. One thing is certain, HR is evolving and the profession will either be driven reactively by external changes or will more proactively define its own future. (Vosburgh, 2007, p. Talent, for lack of a better term, is one of the most strategic parts that HR is playing in the current business model. â€Å"Talentship† is a term being used to describe this new paradigm in the creation.... One of the first steps in bringing HR into a more productive and strategic part of the business model is to make the same type of paradigm shift in separation of functions. While many HR professionals today still struggle to get a seat at the business table, the HR profession in the future should continue to evolve and take more responsibility for overall organizational effectiveness. To do this the HR professional will need to become better at utilizing systems thinking and systems measurement. (Jamrog, and Overholt, 2004, p. 54) Talent, for lack of a better term, is one of the most strategic parts that HR is playing in the current business model. â€Å"Talentship† is a term being used to describe this new paradigm in the creation of a more far-reaching strategy for Human Resource Planning. Similar to the roles between finance and marketing, HR is now also being asked to help companies’ research and locate another critical component, the market for talent. Using the sa me analogy, a company cannot succeed if their finance and accounting team is not successfully pared with their sales and marketing team. In fact over time there have been regulatory and best practice applications that have helped to further cement this finance-marketing relationship. However, in HR the guidelines are a little fuzzier, and in fact are usually only to be found in individual policies and procedures and certainly in some academic and business journals. â€Å"Organizational decision processes and tools employed in the talent market are far less mature and refined than those used in finance or marketing† (Boudreau, 2005, p. 18). Now more than ever companies need professional practices in place in order to align their business needs with greater

Marketing Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marketing Cultures - Essay Example Subway India unlike USA offers various veg and non-veg stations specialized in fast food services. These stations give fast food service ranges from: This is a crunchy, crispy, and delicious Veggie Delite sandwich. It is a tasty combination of tomatoes, garden fresh lettuce, green peppers, olives, onions and pickles sandwiched on freshly baked bread Most vegetarian who loves this subway fast food livened up! It is a light, golden brown patty that combines the flavors of high-quality carrots, beans, bell peppers, and other assorted ingredients. As Indians say, the spice of life is variety! All these varieties emerge from the various veg and non-veg stations in Subway India but one may not necessarily get them in Subway USA due to the fact that there is only one veg and non-veg station in Subway USA. The Subway sandwich chain intended to team up with Softcard in an effort to offer customers a means of buying food via their own mobile phones (Gong, 2013:28). Indeed, Subway lived to its words and kicked off the NFC-based mobile payments using Softcard, a payments venture engineered by T-Mobile USA, AT&T Mobility and Verizon Wireless. Previously known as Isis Wallet, Softcard provided an app which supported mobile payments in at least 80 mobile devices sold by T-Mobile, AT&T and Verizon and was preloaded on at least 30 different devices. Consumers were now able to utilize their NFC-enabled mobile devices to access payment terminal at their regional Subway restaurant in USA when paying for their food. This pilot program was only launched in Subway USA in 2013 and not in Subway India. The intention of payment service from the NFC-enabled mobile device was to reach at least 26,000 Subway locations within the US. The question as to whether iPhone 6 users will tap into Apple Pay to take advantage of these new systems was still valid by late 2013. However, Softcard and

The Epic of Gilgamesh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Epic of Gilgamesh - Essay Example The epic, with its complex plot is acknowledged by historians and archaeologists as the oldest existing written story although it had been discovered and translated only relatively recently but it never fails to fascinate its readers with its many parallels to the biblical story of the Great Flood and that of Noah and his family. It is therefore not very far-fetched to assume that many parts of the biblical Noah got their origins and ideas from the Epic of Gilgamesh for its many similarities, barring mere coincidence, from the tale of Utnapishtim. What is even more remarkable is the story was based on an actual king named Gilgamesh. This paper explores this gem of world literature from the viewpoint of its importance in terms of its sophisticated moral lessons. Additionally, it will also discuss the universal questions that Man has been asking ever since, questions such as immortality, how to escape death itself, his place in the entire scheme of things in the cosmos, his relationshi p with his gods, with fellow human beings, governance and kingship. Moreover, the paper will likewise offer some hopefully useful insights into the immensity and scale of this grandiose tale. Discussion The epic is partly based on the real historical figure King Gilgamesh who ruled the kingdom of Uruk in ancient Sumeria at around 2700 B.C.E. (before current era, as historians now would like to date historical events rather than the usual B.C. or A.D. in order to avoid a bias towards Christianity and maintain neutrality towards all religions) but was written down in clay tablets only at around 2000 B.C.E. perhaps with an eye towards preservation of a story for posterity. Although it has historical basis as determined by rigorous historical research, it also contains so many embellishments to make the story more interesting to its intended audience and also partly to impart some important moral lessons, like biblical parables. The provenance of the epic story cannot be traced or ascri bed to a single writer but it is rather the work of several authors, who added a portion of the story with each succeeding re-telling to a listening audience, perhaps by the high priests of Babylon. It was originally an oral composition recited by traveling storytellers, which may help to explain why there are so many parts of the story which are mere fragments although it is still offers some continuity. It can be found in the royal library of King Ashurbanipal, who ruled around 700 B.C.E. but still portions or other versions of the same epic were unearthed at different epochs in the time of the ancient city of Babylon, providing a rich ethnological source as well (Maier 377). The Epic of Gilgamesh can be taken in context, in the sense it was written at a time of history when rulers often invoked their right to rule over their subjects from some form of divine intervention or deriving their royal power from the gods. This theme is very recurrent in many historical periods, and this theme is also quite common even in the other areas of the world, where kings ruled either by force or some other means to retain political control such as invoking their authority with their supposed knowledge and wisdom, just like Gilgamesh. A key character, Enkidu, was introduced to the epic as counterbalance to Gilgamesh. A good question to ask might be: What

Marketing Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marketing Cultures - Essay Example Subway India unlike USA offers various veg and non-veg stations specialized in fast food services. These stations give fast food service ranges from: This is a crunchy, crispy, and delicious Veggie Delite sandwich. It is a tasty combination of tomatoes, garden fresh lettuce, green peppers, olives, onions and pickles sandwiched on freshly baked bread Most vegetarian who loves this subway fast food livened up! It is a light, golden brown patty that combines the flavors of high-quality carrots, beans, bell peppers, and other assorted ingredients. As Indians say, the spice of life is variety! All these varieties emerge from the various veg and non-veg stations in Subway India but one may not necessarily get them in Subway USA due to the fact that there is only one veg and non-veg station in Subway USA. The Subway sandwich chain intended to team up with Softcard in an effort to offer customers a means of buying food via their own mobile phones (Gong, 2013:28). Indeed, Subway lived to its words and kicked off the NFC-based mobile payments using Softcard, a payments venture engineered by T-Mobile USA, AT&T Mobility and Verizon Wireless. Previously known as Isis Wallet, Softcard provided an app which supported mobile payments in at least 80 mobile devices sold by T-Mobile, AT&T and Verizon and was preloaded on at least 30 different devices. Consumers were now able to utilize their NFC-enabled mobile devices to access payment terminal at their regional Subway restaurant in USA when paying for their food. This pilot program was only launched in Subway USA in 2013 and not in Subway India. The intention of payment service from the NFC-enabled mobile device was to reach at least 26,000 Subway locations within the US. The question as to whether iPhone 6 users will tap into Apple Pay to take advantage of these new systems was still valid by late 2013. However, Softcard and

The significance of Garibaldis contribution Essay Example for Free

The significance of Garibaldis contribution Essay Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in Nice, and, although he was a born a French citizen, he regarded himself as Italian. Despite the pressure placed upon him to enter the Church, he joined the Merchant Navy where a chance meeting with Mazzini altered the entire course of his life. One of Mazzinis greatest disciples was Garibaldi, who was inspired with nationalist fervour and patriotic enthusiasm. He quickly converted to share Mazzinis aim of a united Italy, but only an Italy united as a republic. A revolutionary plot in 1833 in Piedmont was introduced to cause mutiny in the army but it failed and Garibaldi was sentenced to death. Execution could not be carried out as Garibaldi left the country prior to the trial. He moved to Brazil and then on to Uruguay where his military ability was first displayed. He fought, defending Uruguay in an Austrian take-over, however, news of the Italian revolutions of 1848 reached him and he decided to return to his homeland. He did this with some out of date weapons and some of his colleagues. Word of his military campaigns in South America had by now reached the Italian States and upon his return, recruits assembled to join Garibaldis legion. Garibaldis contribution in South America had a profound effect on events later on in the fight for unification, as it was due to his military involvement that he came back to Italy a prominent figure. It was only due to his reputation that he was able to recruit so many men. Although Garibaldi was originally drawn to the cause of unification as one of Mazzinis supporters, he saw the powerful Piedmontese state and monarchy as a more realistic way of achieving unification. It was at this point that Garibaldi and his mentor Mazzini parted ways. Mazzini was only interested in a unified Italy as a republic whereas Garibaldi wanted unification by any means possible. This is also where Garibaldi shows contrasts with Cavour who was above all else Piedmontese. February 1849 saw the establishment of the Roman Republic. The Republic itself was short-lived; only lasted four months. Garibaldi played a role in resisting the Catholic countries assisting the Pope however, the defenders  were greatly outnumbered by the powers helping the Pope and the fall of Rome was inevitable. After the fall of the Republic, Garibaldi made an appeal for new recruits to fight the war against the stranger. Although he offered no provisions or promises, almost 5000 men were recruited. Despite this, on their journey to Venetia, 3500 were lost. Garibaldi escaped to Genoa where he was arrested and released on the condition that he leave Italy at once. Upon his release, he travelled to North America where he stayed until 1854. When he returned, Garibaldis significance is clearly visible. A revolt which began in 1860 in Sicily came to the attention of Garibaldi and he set sail for Sicily almost immediately. His unexpected conquests in Sicily and Naples precipitated the unification of most of Italy. When he reached Sicily, Garibaldi was a welcome fighter. His weak army of 1200 now reaching 3000 took Palermo forcing the garrison to return to Naples making Sicily his. In September 1860 Naples fell leaving Garibaldi as Dictator over the Kingdom of Naples. Cavour feared that Garibaldi would not stop and would attempt to take Rome so he advised Victor Emmanuel to take Rome first. When the two forces met, Garibaldi proclaimed Victor Emmanuel the first King of Italy Plebiscites held in the newly acquired land showed immense support for annexation by Piedmont. In 1861, Garibaldis aim of a united Italy came into being; however, it did not include Rome or Venetia. By way of unification under control of Piedmont, the Piedmontese constitution and legal system were extended over the whole country. Though Rome remained to be occupied by France, continuing pressure from Italian liberals came for it to be freed and incorporated into the new Italian Kingdom as the historical capital. Apparently, with the implicit support of Victor Emmanuel, Garibaldi set off with 3000 volunteers to conquer Rome. When Garibaldi reached Palermo, he was greeted by calls of Rome or death and suddenly, Victor Emmanuel disowned the march. Garibaldi and his men were shot at by local troops in Calabria and only 500 remained. The whole operation was a disaster for Garibaldi and an embarrassment for the government. In 1864, the Italian government agreed to protect Rome form attack and to move the Italian capital from Turin to Florence and in return  the French withdrew from Rome. Garibaldi saw this as a betrayal of the cause for unification and decided to make an attempt to recapture Rome. Garibaldi and his men began their march to Rome but he was arrested. Despite this his followers continued on their journey to Rome where they suffered defeat at the hands of the Papal army. Garibaldi attempted to re-join his army and did succeed; however, his planned revolution with the Roman people did not happen. This was the end of Garibaldis contribution to Italian history. Garibaldis contribution to the cause of Italian unity was considerable. He was a brilliant military leader and was determined to achieve unification. He inspired great enthusiasm in his men and made them feel compelled to devote their lives to the cause of unification. Although he encountered many failures such as his journey to Rome, his followers were loyal and determine to try to continue his efforts. His greatest achievement would be his success at conquering Naples and Sicily, as this made Unification inevitable however, he was distressed that Rome did not become part of the unified Italy in his lifetime as he believed Italy should be united with Rome as capital.

Global Division Of Labour Sociology Essay

Global Division Of Labour Sociology Essay The GDL is defined as the division of socially necessary activities, including productive and reproductive tasks, on an international level. Classically, this would see the specialisation of countries in the production of particular types of products. Few inclusive analyses of the GDL have been offered, as differing opinions exist in relation to the GDL. According to classical theorists such as Adam Smith, division of labour has allowed for an increase in production and has allowed industrious nations to experience universal opulence (Smith, 1776: book 1); specialisation, for Adam Smith, is the key to productivity and substantial development. Karl Marx, who focused on changes into the modern times, viewed capitalism as a system of production that contrasted previous economic orders in history (Giddens, 1993: 708); capitalism would advance with the intensification of the division of labour. Émile Durkheim, who concentrated on the social implications of the division of labour, concluded that new forms of social cohesion form resulting from advances in the division of labour (Giddens, 1993: 707). Theories of this GDL have altered over the years. The classical division of labour saw two domains of production linked by one-way trade in raw material and factory-made products, respectively; the metropolitan countries were countries with the most factories, with the colonial countries having less. This classical international division of labour continued in the postcolonial period, with Northern hemisphere countries still dominating as the worlds industrial hubs; Southern hemisphere countries predominantly engaged in primary sector production. Furthermore, the classical theory persisted in the form of the modernisation theory, which suggests, that uneven world development can be linked to the advance of industrial societies overtaking traditional societies (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 306) industrial societies being northern countries, and traditional societies being those in the south. The main differences between these countries include their cultural identity, where northern countries focus on individualism, and southern countries on community and family. As long as traditional culture stays strong, the classical division will remain and modernisation will remain a struggle to achieve. Carefully related to the modernisation theory is the world systems theory, which revolves around a clear division concerning the core and periphery. It is because of this belief that there is only a single world that is connected by a complex network of economic exchange relationships (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 306), that some believe is an unequal international division of labour (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 306). Immanuel Wallerstein further described this phenomenon as a system encompassing of three spheres, namely the core, periphery and semi-periphery. Based on the logic of capitalism, the system promotes unevenness, absorbed with wealth and power in the core, leaving the periphery facing poverty and exclusion (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 306). As a result of unexpected development in some peripheral regions in the 1970s, the classical international division of labour was altered to the emerging New International Division of Labour (NIDL). It was because of falling profitability that resulted in the relocation of some manufacturing processes to the peripheral countries from the core. This was a reaction to the rapid industrialization of East Asia and other newly industrialised countries (NICs) and to the partial deindustrialisation of the old heartlands of capitalist production (Cohen Kennedy, 2007: 197). This global industrial shift did occur due to the supply of labour in the periphery, and the low-cost labour-intensive manufacturing processes. The global division of labour, although focused on economic issues, did also have its hand in social issues, initiating advantages and disadvantages in both areas of society. It was Durkheim who concluded that the increasing division of labour allowed for an increase in independence; it is here where Durkheim would link this view with his study of anomie the feeling of aimlessness provoked by certain social conditions (Giddens, 1993: 707). In an ever-growing economic world, it becomes clear that societies do not grow socially as they do economically. As industry is one of the most globalised manufacturing sectors (Giddens, 1993: 546), one could say that it has a more far-reaching effect than any other in terms of the GDL. It is here, with Transnational Corporations, that one can see the driving force of the division of labour. Tracing back to the Industrial Revolution, for example British East India Company being the first multinational (Robins, 2006: 24), TNCs have been the only winners. Whenever a company exports any sort of capital money, or labour it contributes to the unemployment in the home country, like in the case of the NIDL (Cohen Kennedy, 2007: 197), benefitting only the consumer and the TNCs who abuse cheap labour. These companies do develop infrastructures in peripheral countries, developing a dependence on the core countries by the periphery. Contrastingly it is also possible to move from periphery to core, which was the case for Japan, rising from the periphery to the second position in the core bloc in the 1970s (Cohen Kennedy, 2007: 196). The global division of labour is not only about factories moving, but people as well. This entails people searching for jobs across borders as well as internally in a country. As a result of large labour migrations, friction can occur in the form of xenophobia against a workers culture, or an issue involving trade unions. It is in this case that NIDL, a form of glabalisation, has generated more extreme forms of racism as people try to defend their own national identity (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 164). Globalisation, a result of the GDL, is for many women around the world a concrete process of exploitation (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 514) as there is no known instance of society in which women are more powerful than men (Giddens, 1993: 173). This should not come as a shock to anyone as women remain compelled to work in the sweatshops of the world' (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 513). This is a solid example of just one gender group marginalised by the GDL. It is in peripheral countries where workers are exploited to produce goods for the richer nations, as in Korean enterprises where many Burmese workers work on textile production (Macionis Plummer, 2012: 513). The spread of work between genders across borders are as questionable as the wealth gaps between First and Third World nations. The GDL, as a result of its differing theories and forms, can be described as complex. Smith, Durkheim and Marx had classified it differently as a result of opinions; similarly the process has evolved from its classical form to the NIDL. Furthermore, complexity is seen in a lack of a simple international arrangement as the global workforce is divided, shaped by social and economic factors. The GDL can be socially valuable or destructive as it is inclusive on a world scale yet it functions on the basis of division and inequality. By accessing the winners and losers, one can deduce the contradictions this procedure is known to harvest. (1198)

The Long Hard Road Out of Hell - Marilyn Manson :: autobiography autobiographies

The Long Hard Road out of Hell is an autobiography that allows us to temporarily enter the frontal lobe of the creative persona known as Marilyn Manson. Following the childish antics of the once innocent Brian Warner, the book gives us insight to the creation of the Pseudo Satanist, "Antichrist Superstar" we all know as Marilyn Manson. The grotesque life of Brian Warner is both disturbing and fascinating. From the moment I turned the first page, I was hooked. The book is well written, repulsive, perverse, demented, sexual, sleazy, violent, captivating and uncommonly addictive. The tragic tale of a rock star, lots of sex, drugs, and mental decay. Each new page holds a series of deep and dark secrets which ironically, is what makes the book so appealing to all of your senses. ?What was happening to me now seemed to be some kind of perverse combination of both types of self destruction? is a good example of him overcoming a hardship in his own life. (Pg. 232) It refers to his battle with cocaine addiction. Four and a half months into the production of his first mainstream album Antichrist Superstar, all he had was a few unfinished songs, a sore nose, and a hospital bill. He then hit rock bottom and realized that he needed to get his life back on track, which started him quitting cocaine. He then overcame his cocaine addiction in only a matter of weeks. Some people reading this would take solace and find strength within his experience that could help them with their own inner struggles. For these reasons I would highly recommend this book to just about anyone over a certain age. There are many people who would find this book offending, but I feel that it is very well written and honest. The book?s intention is not malicious, it is not meant to offend anyone, and in parts can be very appealing to your intellect. Reading this book also opened my eyes to how media portrays celebrities, and how superficial the world we live in really is.

Scuba Diving Essay -- Art

Scuba diving is a sport in which you can lose yourself to the beauty of the underwater world and escape gravity for a short time. You can wander among kelp forests or swim with sleek noble sharks. You can find a fortune in Spanish ducats or lose yourself in the beauty of the underwater realm. Some may say though that diving is an extreme sport and that it is too risky for anyone, it's just for the wild hooligans. Scuba Diving is a safe and enjoyable hobby despite the small risk involved. Haven't you ever wondered what it was like to swim with the fish? Or see why all of those people would want to were all that funny looking gear and go under the water? The going below the water is little like being above the water. While underwater there are forces and laws that dictate how your body will respond to being under so much pressure. The first rule regarding the pressure water puts on the air spaces in your body is Boyles Law. It says that as the pressure increases on a given mass of gas the volume will decrease. This rule explains the popping sensation you fell when you go up in an air plain and the squeeze you feel as you go under water (The Skin Divers Bible 37, 41). Another law is Dalton's law of partial Pressure. It says that pressure of mixed gasses is equal to the pressure exerted by the individual gas. So if a mixture of gas is say 5% carbon dioxide then it would account for 5% of the total pressure of the gas, because of this law the concentration of harmful gasses must be less when you are under water otherwise you can be poisoned or experience the effects of the gas that would only occur at a higher concentrati! on at sea lev el (47). And the last major law that governs you while underwater is Henry's law. It simply s... ...eatures feel like they are being attack they will usually fight back with painful and even deadly consequences (PADI Adventures 208-211). With all the mystic surrounding the sport of scuba diving many people would never dream about taking a class to get certified, and those people don't know what they are missing. Those people that would never consider diving most likely have only seen the dangers and risks of diving, but they have never really looked into the safety precaution and quality of the instruction needed to go diving. I hope that anyone who had previously decided against Scuba diving reconsider their choice, because they are missing out on some awe inspiring views and spectacular adventures. If you do nothing else in your lifetime at least take an introductory class to Scuba diving. It may just show you how safe and enjoyable the sport actually is.

Faber s Three things

A human pore lets sweat out and oxygen in. Information that is porous is an open thought that allows you to interpret anyway you want. For example, in a book that describes a character, you can imagine their appearance based on the details given. Books at least allow the reader to put them down, giving people time to think and reason about the information they contain. TV might look more fun than books, but it never gives you a chance to think about the information in your own way and to reason your own conclusions. In our socio ¶y', we have the same thing missing.For example, in our schools, and in standardized testing we lack quality of information. Teachers use Overprints, which are slide shows, to present their material, instead of boring lectures. Teachers use too much animation believing that they're making their material more interesting, which actually distracts students from learning. On standardized tests, they ask what questions vs.. How and why questions which make them all multiple choice instead of short answer. Multiple choice questions don't allow students to think outside of the box, or explain their thinking.In addition, social media promotes shallow thinking. On social media, you have Youth where people just post stupid videos, and then you have Mainstream which just has pointless pictures. Social media could be used for more engaging discussions, but people waste their time posting stupid things. So today's society is similar to the way Faber describes their society in the book. Faber defines leisure to digest as not being overstretched and having time to think. In the book, Montage states that they have a lot of time off of work, but Faber points out hat their minds are consumed with unimportant information.For example, very large all-consuming billboards, stupid catchy jingles, and TV's on all the walls of their homes are distracting them. When they aren't bombarded with media, they are fearing for their lives because they are thinking a bout the dangers in the society. Similarly in our society, we spend too much time watching TV, going to school, and doing homework. Teenagers sleep as much as they can because teachers assign too much homework which makes them stay up late and get up early to go to school.Therefore, we don't have the energy and brain space to think. Faber defines the right to carry out actions based on the other two items as people need to fight for their rights to do something about what they gather from the books. If they read and determine that something should be changed, then they would have the right to take action and stand up for what they believe in. In our society, people have limited say in decisions. For example, protestors get in trouble for standing up for their rights. Kids in school have little right to speak about tepid teachers.

Distribution strategies of Toyota Essay

?The company’s distribution strategy covers choice of firm distribution and transport, number and location of warehouse and weather the company carries out activities itself or buys (outsources) them. Toyota’s automotive sales distribution network is the largest in Japan. As of March 31, 2009, this network consisted of 290 dealers employing approximately 40,000 sales personnel and operating more than 4,800 sales and service outlets. Toyota owns 19 of these dealers and the remainder is independent. In addition, at March 31, 2009, Daihatsu’s sales distribution network consisted of 62 dealers employing approximately 5,500 sales personnel and operating approximately 700 sales and service outlets. Daihatsu owns 36 of these dealers and the remainder is independent. Toyota believes that this extensive sales network has been an important factor in its success in the Japanese market. A large number of the cars sold in Japan are purchased from salespersons who visit customers in their homes or offices. In recent years, however, the traditional method of sales through home visits is being replaced by showroom sales and the percentage of automobile purchases through showrooms has been gradually increasing. Toyota expects this trend to continue, and accordingly, plans to improve its sales activities such as customer reception and meticulous service at showrooms to increase customer satisfaction. Sales of Toyota vehicles in Japan are conducted through four sales channels — â€Å"Toyota,† â€Å"Toyopet,† â€Å"Corolla† and â€Å"Netz. † In addition, Toyota introduced the Lexus brand to the Japanese market in August 2005, and currently distributes the Lexus brand vehicles through a network of approximately 170 sales outlets in order to enhance its competitiveness in the domestic luxury automobile market. The following table provides information for each channel as of March 31, 2009.

Do you act on Rumor or Respect Privacy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Do you act on Rumor or Respect Privacy - Essay Example The persisting problem prevailing in the work place concerns morality in the work place, and the degree at which the rumors should prevail in the work place. The employees of the biocides firm are against a married and competent married woman by the name Lilly Kropov, citing an affair with a prominent client to the company. The rumor spreads throughout the company’s workplace through grapevine to the management. The entire rumor emanates from a company’s janitor who alleges to have heard the two in a sexual encounter from the noises emanating from the office, one evening when he was switching on the lights (Cournoyer and Barry 152). The management should make a decision to curb the prevailing rumors and establish the proximity that such an act occurred in the workplace. According to the ethical code of conduct, an act of immorality is inconsistent and punishable. However, stories about the affair originate from unreliable sources and therefore it is hard to determine the reality of the whole story (Dunham-Taylor, et al 249). The company does not tolerate immorality in the workplace as that could ruin the corporate and public images. The management may find difficulty in ruling a case, so pressing on the company’s welfare, yet originating from untrustworthy sources that cannot establish clear evidence as to the occurrence of the event. The management should first scrutinize the events and the apparent reality that the accusations occurred. This would secure the management the opportunity to establish justice without bias and saving the organization from a stale of operations. The managers should realize that, all the accusations towards Lilly Kropov relayed through the informal channel of grapevine, which has a questionable reliability (Merrell, et al 254). Therefore, any decision against Lilly should halt as far as there is no clear and formal evidence as to the

Argument on Mackie's analysis on existence of God Essay

Argument on Mackie's analysis on existence of God - Essay Example On the other hand, theists continue to defend the stance that God exists and can, in fact, coexist with evil. Mackie challenged theist notions by seeking to demonstrate the invalidity and lack of persuasiveness inherent in regard to the presence of God. The basis of Mackie’s argument is the provision of atheist criticisms towards theistic assertions regarding the issue of evil in the world (Geisler 65). However, throughout his argument, Mackie fails to unequivocally prove why the coexistence of God and evil is a contradiction of the presence of an omnipotent and all good God. Mackie’s depiction of God is that of a form of immortal monster that chooses to sit idly despite being aware of the terrible experiences of people in the world as a consequence of his inaction. As a result, Mackie attempts to prove this inconsistency by delving into his understanding of the disposition of an omnipotent being (Geisler 114). It is because of this that this paper will critically asses s Mackie’s arguments using a theistic point of view, thereby showing that Mackie’s argument is incompatible with God’s overall purpose and his vision for the world. Although God frowns upon evil, he reveres free will, thus does not permit unnecessary suffering. The argument presented in this paper will defend a position that reconciles the presence of God with the presence of wickedness, thus highlighting the existence of God. ... In fact, evil presupposes God’s existence since God provides a benchmark on which actions can be considered evil or good. Without the presence of God then evil would be nonexistent, hence it would be impossible to measure actions as either good or evil. This means that all actions, whether right or wrong can be deemed morally neutral since they are performed by individuals who are also morally neutral. Therefore, by allowing evil, in the short run, God could be attaining the eventual objective of destroying evil in the long term (Aquinas 626). In Mackie’s opinion, God’s first priority should be to deter evil even if it means infringing on people’s free will. Therefore, Mackie appears to presume that God’s actions are negligent since he does not stop evil. However, such an assumption is likely to imply that God is obligated to do something, but fails to do it. Being an almighty being, God is not compelled to do anything; for instance, stop evil since if he was, then this would imply that God is constrained by the desires of another higher being. Ironically, God’s omnipotence is evidenced by his capacity not to destroy evil in order to fulfill some form of obligation. As an omnipotent and benevolent being, God must have morally sufficient reasons for allowing the extent of evil in the world (Geisler 37). Despite the amount and types of evil present in the world, a balance also exists such that more good than evil characterizes the world. This makes humans look forward to the future and deem life as worth living. Argument against the existence of God While the argument against the existence of God encompasses a myriad of presumptions, perhaps the